Comparisons between field- and LiDAR-based measures of stand structural complexity
نویسندگان
چکیده
Forest structure, as measured by the physical arrangement of trees and their crowns, is a fundamental attribute of forest ecosystems that changes as forests progress through suc;cessional stages. We examined whether LiDAR data could be used to directly assess the successional stage of forests by determining the degree to which the LiDAR data would show the same relative ranking of structural development among sites as would traditional field measurements. We sampled 94 primary and secondary sites (19–93, 223–350, and 600 years old) from three conifer forest zones in western Washington state, USA, in the field and with small-footprint, discrete return LiDAR. Seven sets of LiDAR metrics were tested to measure canopy structure. Ordinations using the of LiDAR 95th percentile height, rumple, and canopy density metrics had the strongest correlations with ordinations using two sets of field metrics (Procrustes R = 0.72 and 0.78) and a combined set of LiDAR and field metrics (Procrustes R = 0.95). These results suggest that LiDAR can accurately characterize forest successional stage where field measurements are not available. This has important implications for enabling basic and applied studies of forest structure at stand to landscape scales. Résumé : La structure de la forêt, telle qu’elle est mesurée par la disposition physique des arbres et de leur cime, est un attribut fondamental des écosystèmes forestiers qui change à mesure que les forêts passent à travers les stades de succession. Nous avons examiné si les données obtenus avec le LiDAR pouvaient être utilisées pour évaluer directement le stade de succession en déterminant dans quelle mesure les données LiDAR produisent le même classement relatif du développement structural de différentes stations que les mesures traditionnelles prises sur le terrain. Nous avons échantillonné 94 stations dans des forêts vierges et de seconde venue (âgées de 19 à 93, 223 à 350 et 600 ans) sur le terrain et avec un LiDAR à impulsions discrètes et petite empreinte. L’étude a été réalisée dans trois régions couvertes de forêt résineuse dans l’ouest de l’État de Washington, aux États-Unis. Sept séries de mesures obtenues avec le LiDAR ont été testées pour mesurer la structure du couvert. Les ordinations utilisant les mesures du 95ième percentile de la hauteur, du plissement et de la densité du couvert provenant du LiDAR avaient les plus fortes corrélations avec les ordinations utilisant deux séries de mesures prises sur le terrain (Procrustes R = 0,72 et 0,78) et une série de mesures provenant du LiDAR et de mesures prises sur le terrain combinées (Procrustes R = 0,95). Ces résultats indiquent que le LiDAR peut caractériser avec exactitude le stade de succession de la forêt lorsque les données terrain ne sont pas disponibles. Cela a d’importantes répercussions pour permettre la réalisation de travaux de recherche fondamentale et appliquée sur la structure de la forêt en allant de l’échelle du peuplement à l’échelle du paysage. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
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